HAIKU KAN HAI

 

Mafaa Hriat Sual

Mafaa Hauhnar kha Mizo zingah chuan thu leh hla lamah tu hnuai maha awm chuang lo tih tur khawpa dai zau leh thleng thui a ni a. Poetry chungchang bikah phei chuan \hangthar ten kan entawn rawn leh kan zui ber a ni. Tunhnaia poetry lam harhtharna thleng mekah pawh hian a sulsutu ber pakhat a ni kan ti lo thei lo ang.

Kum 1997-a tihchhuah Chawlhna Tuikam lehkhabuah khan poetry chi hrang hrang 26 a chuang a. Chu’ng poetry chu eng form hmanga ziah nge a nih tih sawi langin, chu poetry form chu sawi fiahna leh an chin chhoh dan  tawi a dah tel zel bawk. Mizote poetry form hrang hrang min hmelhriattir a ni.

Mahse Mafaa Hauhnarin Chawlhna Tuikam lehkhabua poetry form hrang hrang a sawi zingah hian sawi fuh tawk loh leh sawi \helh deuh a neih a awm ve a. A hmelhriat hmasa leh a sawi hmasatu a nih avang te, Mafaa a nih hrim hrim avang te pawhin a sawi dik loh ang anga kan lo pawm zui a awm bawk a. Chu chu Haiku form hi a ni.

‘Haiku hi Mizo tlar-thum-zai [ang] thova rhyme loh a nih bakah metre a awm lo a ni. Tlar tina lam zat bithliah erawh chu a awm thung; hetiang hian:- Tlar khatna leh tlar thumna lam nga, tlar hnihna lam sarih.’[Chawlhna Tuikam p. 137] tiin a sawi a. Mahse heng a sawi dan hi Haiku form sawi fiahna atan chuan a fuh chiah lo a, tlar khata lam bithliah awm zat tur ringawtin Haiku hi Haiku a nihtir lo bawk.

Haiku Chanchin

Tunlai huna poet hrang hrangin poetry form mal an ziah uar em em chu Japanese ho poetry ziah dan chi khat, haiku form hi a ni a. Eng dan leh poetry phuah dan kal phung mah kan zawm \hat peih tawh lohna huna poetry ziah dan form pakhat heti khawpa ziah a ni nasa hi a mak angreng hle. A lar dan leh lawm a hlawh dan ngaihtuah phei chuan ‘kum zabi sawmhnih pakhatna sonnet’ tih hial pawhin sawi ila thu uar uchuak kan ni kher lo ang.

Haiku hi atirah tak chuan Japannese poetry form pakhat renga an tiha peng pakhat, abul\anna a ni a, hokku tih \hin a ni. A hnu deuhah chuan poem sei zawk hmahruai satliah ni loin poem mal anga ziah an ching chho ta a. Haiku tih hming hi kum zabi sawm pakuanaah khan Masaoka Shiki phuah a ni.

Renga chang hmasa ber hokku kha tuna haiku kan tih tak kal phung ang tho hian ziah a ni a. Haiku tih hming a la pu chiah lo tih chauh a ni. Matsuo Basho (1644–1694) leh Uejima Onitsura (1661–1738) te hi renga chang hmasa ber ang kha poem mal anga ziak hmasatu leh tilartu an ni.

A poem ringawt  lo deuhin thu(prose) nena dah dun te an ching chho a, chung chu haibun tih a ni a. Tin, lemziak-a dah tel te pawh an uar viau a, chung lemziak leh haiku dah kawp chu haiga an ti thung.

Khawthlang mi zingah chuan Dutch pa Hendrik Doeff(1764–1837) hi haiku ziak hmasa anga ngaih a ni a. Khawthlang lam mi thiam Basil Hall Chamberlain(1850–1935) leh William George Aston te pawh hi haiku hmelhriat hmasatu leh ngaihlu hmasa pawl tak an ni bawk.

Sap \awnga haiku ziak hmasa ber anga ngaih chu Japanese poet Yone Noguchi a ni a. Ani hian kum 1904 February thla khan Reader tih chanchinbuah ‘A Proposal to American Poets’ tih a ziak a. ‘Pray, you try Japanese Hokku, my American poets!’ tiin a tawp a khar nghe nghe a ni. Heng lai hun vel tho hian Sadakichi Hartmann chuan sap \awnga ziah hokku(haiku hming hmasa a ni ber mai) a lo tichhuak ve bawk.

Sap pachal R.H Blyth hi khawthlang lama haiku tilar tak taktu a tih theih a. British Haiku Society phei chuan an journal hming atan Blyth Spirit tih an vuah nghe nghe a ni.

Rabindranath Tagore kha India ramah chuan haiku ziak hmasa a ni a, kum zabi sawmhnihnaah khan Bengali \awngin a lo ziak tawh. Amahin a ziah bakah Japanese haiku eng emaw zat a letling bawk.

Haiku Kan Hai

Haiku hi Japanese ho hla phuah dan chi khat a ni a. Mizo tlar thum zai anga tlar thum nei hla a ni. Khawthlang lamin an lak luh a, khawvelin a hmelhriat \antirh a\angin hriat fuh tawk chiah loh leh a nihna tak man fuh chiah loh a ni a. Mafaa Hauhnar leh Mafaa fate ho chauh loh pawhin khawvel pumah hriat \helh leh ngaihhai palh a hlawh a. Vawiin thleng hian poetry form mala lawm hlawh ber pawl a ni chho tawh chung hian  khawthlang lamah pawh hai a la hlawh tluang zel a ni.

Poet lar Ezra Pound te, Amy Lowell te, Conrad Arken te ho kha haiku hmelhriat hmasatu leh ching hmasatu angin sawi an ni \hin a. Mahse anni hian haiku chu tlar khata thumal awm zatin haiku a nihtir ni berin an hria a. Chumi ang chuan an ziak \hin bawk.

Chu ngaih dan chuan mi a hruai nasa khawp mai a, haiku ziak tur chuan tlar tina thu lam rik bi awm zat a pawimawh berah ngaiin eng anga ziah pawh ni se, tlar khatnaah lam  rik nga, tlar hnihnaah lam rik sarih a awm a, lam rik nga awm tlarin a zui leh chuan haiku ni maiah ngaih a ni \hin.

Japanese poetry-ah chuan haiku hi tlar khatnaah ri nga, tlar hnihnaah ri sarih, tlar thumnaah ri nga angin an ziak ngei mai a.

Mahse Japanese \awng thiam lehzual zawkte an lo chhuak a, an \awnga thu ri khat(one sound) aiawha hawrawp an ziah \hin kana leh English-a syllable hi a inang lo a ni tih an hre chhuak ta a. A tlangpuia lakin \awng danga syllable khat hi Japanese-a ri khat(kana khat) a ni lo a, syllables leh kana thum te a intluk vel \hin zawk. Chutiang a lo nih takah chuan Japanese ni lo \awng dang hmanga haiku ziah dawna thu lam rik zat(syllables) lo bithliah ve ringawt kha Japanese haiku nen chuan a lo inang thei tawh lo tihna a ni.

Chuvang chuan \awng danga haiku ziah a nih dawnin thu lam rik bi tuk chauh kha inkaihhruaina atana kan hman chuan kan \helh thui hle dawn tihna a ni.

Ram hrang hrangah Haiku Society din a ni a, haiku bik chhuahna chanchinbu leh journal pawh eng emaw zat a chhuak \hin bawk. Mi \hahnem ngaite hmalakna a zarah haiku chungchang zirtirna dik zawk te, a kal hmang te pawh tarlan a ni ta viau a ni. Haiku nihna tak te, haiku nihtirtu te pawh hriat thiam theih tur ang bera sawi kan la tum ang.

Haiku Chu Eng Nge?

Kum zabi sawmhnih pakhatna hnu lamah hi chuan khawvel hmun hrang hrangah kan poetry ziah duh dan leh \han dan a dang nasa hle mai a. Hmanlai deuh zawka form mumal tak nei, rhyme scheme leh metre teh thlap thlapa poetry ziah \hin kha kalsan a ni ta deuh hlek a, eng form tak tak mah zawm tawh lem loin, a ziaktuin zalen takin an ziak chhuak tawp tawp tawh mai a ni.

Chutih lai erawh chuan poetry ziah dan form mumal tak, lawm hlawh zet mai a awm a. Chu chu eng dang ni loin Haiku form an tih hi a ni.

Sawi tawh angin haiku chu Japanese traditional poetry form a ni a, tlar thum nei hla niin Japanho tlar thum zai te pawh a tih theih ang chu. A tlangpui thuin haiku chu khuarel thil(nature) lam ziahna poem a ni a. Japanesehoin an ziah dan original takah chuan tlar khatnaah hian ri(kana) nga a awm a, tlar hnihnaah ri sarih awmin, tlar thumnaah ri nga a awm leh \hin. Haiku-ah hian poetry form dang angin rhyme scheme emaw, metre emaw ngaih pawimawh a ni ngai lo.

Mahse Japanese \awnga ri(kana) an tih leh \awng danga lam rik(syllables) kan tih hi a in mil chiah lo a. Chuvang chuan tlar khatnaah syllable nga awm a, syllables sarih awm zuitir a, tlar thumnaah syllable nga awm leh anga tlar thum nei poetry zawng zawng kha haiku a ni dawn lo tihna a ni.
Thu lam rik bitukin haiku a nihtir lo a nih si chuan engine nge poem chu haiku nihtir ta ang?

Haiku Nihtirtu

Haiku nihtirtu hrang hrang pawimawh tak tak a awm a, sei taka sawi theih ni vek hlawm mah se tawitea sawi kan tum ang a. Entirna nen hrilhfiah chhoh kan tum dawn a ni.

1. Haiku hi tlar thum leka sei ni mah se \hen hnihah \hen a ni a. Chung \hen hnihte chu fragment leh phrase tih a ni. Fragment chu keh them, bung them tihna mai a ni a. Phrase ai hian a tawi zawk. A tlangpui thuin haiku hi tlar thum neia ziah a ni a, tunlaiah chuan tlar khat chuah ang te, word khat zel tlar hrana dah te pawhin an ziak \hin bawk. Tlar thum anga ziah a nih chuan tlar khatnaah fragment a awm a, tlar hnihna leh tlar thumna hi phrase-ah an hmang \hin. Tlar khatna leh tlar hnihna phrase atana hman a, tlar thumnaa fragment dah te pawh a awm \hin tho bawk.

Kawng danga sawi chuan tlar khatnaah hlawm khat(tawi zawk) dahin, tlar hnihna leh tlar thumna chu hlawm khat angin an hmang thung tihna a ni. Tlar khatna leh tlar hnihna hlawm khat anga dahin, hlawm khat dang tawi zawk kha tlar thumnaah an dah \hin bawk.

Entirna atan haiku bul\antu leh tilar tak taktu anga an sawi \hin Basho haiku pakhat hi lo en ta ila:

old pond —

a frog jumps in

the sound of water

 
He entirnaah hian tlar khatna ‘old pond’ tih hi fragment chu a ni a, amah hian awmze khat neiin a ding a. Tlar hnihna leh tlar thumna ‘a frog jumps in the sound of water’ tih hi phrase chu niin a inzawm tihna a ni.

a frog jumps in

the sound of water —

old pond 

tih angin ziak thung ta se la, tlar khatna leh tlar hnihna hi phrase niin tlar thumna hi fragment a ni dawn tihna a ni. Fragment chu a malin a ding a, phrase hi a inzawm thung. Tlar khatna leh tlar thumnaah pharse dahin tlar hnihnaah fragment a dah theih loh tihna a ni.

Fragment leh phrase \hen hranna atan hian – emaw, ~ emaw, … emaw hi an hmang \hin a. Engmah hman loh pawhin a hriat hran zung zung theih tho avangin an hmang lutuk lo zawk a ni.

2. Haiku hi poetry dang angin thil a sawia sawina a ni lo a. Image eng emaw kha ngaihthlak tur ni loin a hmuha hmuh turin a kawh hmuh \hin. Poetry form dang chuan thla eng mawizia leh a lunglenthlakzia te a sawi ang a, haiku-ah chuan sawi duah loin en tur a kawh hmuh ang che.
Tuna entirna kan tarlanah pawh hian dil hlui tawh taka u\awk zuang lut lai leh a ri kha mitthlaa hmuh theih turin lem a rawn ziak tihna a ni. Haiku chu lemziak ang emaw pawhin a sawi theih ang chu.

3. Haiku-a pawimawh ber pakhat chu mitthlaa hmuh theih tur image siam kha a ni a. Chutah chuan image pakhat chauh ni loin image pahnih dah dun(juxtaposition of two images) a ni \hin. Basho haiku khi en nawn leh ta ila:
 

old pond —

a frog jumps in

the sound of water

Tlar khatnaah dil hlui tawh tak(old pond) kha min khawh hmuh a, tlar hnihna leh tlar thumnaah u\awk zuang lut lai(a frog jumps in the sound of water) kha min hmuhtir leh bawk. Dil hlui image leh u\awk zuang lut lai image kha a dah dun(juxtapose) ta a ni.
Kan sawi tawh fragment-ah hian image pakhat kha dahin phrase-ah hian image dang kha an dah \hin.

4. Haiku-ah hian hun an ngai pawimawh khawp mai a. Eng huna thil thleng nge an tarlan tih hriatna tur(time/season element) an dah tel \hin. Ni khata hun khat emaw kum khata hunpui hrang hrang zinga eng hunah ber nge thleng tih hriat theihna tur eng emaw a awm tel \hin tihna a ni. Chutiang atan chuan hunpui hming(nipui, \hal, fur, thlasik etc) te, thilnung eng emaw ber(hun bik neia awm \hin) te, par hun bi nei pangpar te, inlar hun bik nei sava te, kum khata kutpui pawimawh deuh deuh te, van lam thil te pawh an dah tel \hin.

Basho haiku kan sawi mekah khian u\awk(frog) khi fur laia inlar \hin an nih avangin fur laia thil thleng a ni tih a lo hriat ta a ni.

spring breeze

being pulled by a cow

to the Zenkoji temple 

A chunga poem hi Kobayashi Issa haiku a ni a. Khitah pawh khian Spring breeze tih khi hun sawina atana hman chu a ni.

Khawvel ram hran hranah hunpui inher dan a inang lo a, hmun \henkhata season pakhat atana hman kha hmun dangah chuan season dang daih entirtu a lo ni palh thei. Chuvang chuan Japanese seasonal element leh khawthlang lama seasonal element kha a inang lo thei. Entirnan tlaizawng hi kan ramah chuan thlasika par \hin a nih avangin thlasik entirtu atana kan hman theih lain Japan ramah chuan favang entirtu angin an hmang daih \hin.

Hun kal zelah \henkhat chuan time/seasonal element tel lem lo pawh hian haiku an ziak ve zauh tho bawk a. Pawimawh erawh chu haiku hi hun khata thil thleng hmuh theih tura ziah chhuahna a nih avangin hun hran hrana thil thleng kan dah kawp emaw, hunpui hrang hrang entirtu kan dah kawp nuai chuan kan haiku kha a khaw lo vek dawn tihna a ni.

5. Haiku reng rengah hian hla thu \awngkam kan tih ang chi kha an hmang ngai lem lo a. Chhawrthlapui tih duah ai chuan Thla an ti tawp mai zel a ni. Punctuation ang chi hi an hmang vak lo bawk a, eng emaw bik riau a nih lem loh chuan hawrawppui an hmang lo \hin bawk. Grammar lam angah chuan present tense hmangin an ziak \hin a, a chhan chu haiku chuan thil thleng mek angin thlalak(or video) min chhawpsak kha a tum ber a nih vang a ni.

6. Haiku nihna pawimawh tak chu a tawi hi a ni. A tlangpuiin tlar thum lek a ni a, tlar thumah tlar tin kha a tawi thei ang berin ziah \hin a la ni bawk a! Thusawi rei kan nin em em a, thuziak sei kan chhiar peih tawh lohna hunah hian poetry form lawm hlawh ber a ni hi a awm lo hran lo hle.

Sawi tawh angin \awng danga lam rik khat kan tih hi Japanese \awnga ri(kana) hnih/thum a lo ni daih \hin a. Chuvang chuan lam rik bituk(syllables count) hmangin haiku hi teh a ni ngai lem lo a. Lam rik bi hmanga kan sawi \alh duh a nih pawhin 5-7-5 syllables ni loin 3-5-3(tlar khatna lam rik thum, tlar hnihna lam rih nga, tlar thumna lam rik thum) ang bawr velin a sawi theih ang.

Mahse lam rik awm zat kha haiku nihtirtu ber a nih loh avangin ngaihpawimawh bera neih a ni ngai lo a. 5-7-5 anga ziak an awm pawhin a chunga point hrang hrang kan sawiho khi a ken tho chuan haiku a ni thei tho tihna a ni. A sei zawng tur hriatna atan chuan lam rik awm zawng zawng belhkhawma sawm panga aia tam lo turin an ziak \hin deuh ber.

THU LAKNATE
1. The Haiku Handbook by William J. Higginson
2. The Haiku Anthology by Cor van den Heuvel
3. A Haiku Path by Haiku Society of America
4. Haiku Compass by William J. Higginson
5. Beyond Horizon Beyond by Kala Ramesh
6. Shiki Internet Haiku Salon
7. www.britishhaikusociety.org.uk
8. www.hsa-haiku.org
9. www.thehaikufoundation.org
10. www.brooksbookshaiku.com
11. www.modernhaiku.org
12. www.underthebasho.com
13. livinghaikuanthology.com
14. australianhaikusociety.org
15. www.graceguts.com
16. www.haikupoet.com
17. Prunejuice.wordpress.com
18. Failedhaiku.com
19. www.nahaiwrimo.com